一、历史渊源

　　Historical Origin

　　剪纸，是用镂空透雕来创造美的一种艺术形式。

　　Paper-cutting is an art form to create beauty by hollowing out and carving.

　　宋代，剪纸在民间普及。有的将剪纸作为礼品的点缀，有的贴在窗上做窗花，有的用于驱邪，还有的用剪纸装饰灯彩。明、清时期，出现了一批专业剪纸名手，作品比较精致、细腻。

　　In song Dynasty, paper-cutting was popular among the people. Some took paper-cutting as embellishments for gifts. Some stuck it on windows as decoration. Some used it to exorcise evil spirits or used it to decorate lanterns. During Ming and Qing Dynasties, a number of paper-cutting masters appeared. Their works were more exquisite and delicate.

_{1954年张吉根创作的代表作品《鸳鸯戏荷》}

　　中国民间剪纸风格特点有南、北两大派别，其中南方剪纸大多精巧、细密、纤柔、恬静；北方剪纸大多粗犷、概括、坚实、敦厚。

　　Styles of Chinese folk paper-cutting were characterized by the southern faction and the northern faction. Southern paper-cutting was mostly exquisite, fine, soft and quite. Northern paper-cutting was mostly rough, generalized, solid and honest.

_{武志方创作的作品《黛玉葬花》}

　　南京剪纸明代初年已在南京民间广泛流传，它融合了北方剪纸的艺术特点，逐渐形成了“花中有花，题中有题，粗中有细，拙中见灵”的独特风格，凸显出它所特具的历史、人文、艺术、审美、民风、民俗等价值，从而成为中国剪纸的重要组成部分。

　　In the early Ming Dynasty, Nanjing paper-cutting was widely spread among Nanjing folk. It fused the feature of northern paper-cutting and gradually formed an unique style which is “flowers within flowers and topics within topics, details in large scope and spirits within clumsiness”. Its special historical, humanistic, artistic, aesthetic, folk and other values was highlighted, which made it to become an significant part of Chinese paper-cutting.

　　_{张林娣《松鹤延年图》}

　　从二十世纪五十年代开始，在国家及地方政府的关心扶持下，陈之佛、吴山、张道一、何燕明、田原等老一辈文化艺术界的学者，都参与或指导了南京剪纸的艺术创作，提高了南京剪纸的艺术水平。

　　Since the 1950s, Chen Zhifo, Wu Shan, Zhang Daoyi, He Yanming, Tian Yuan and other scholars of older generation in cultural and artistic circles participated in or guides the artistic creation of Nanjing paper-cutting with the care and support of the national and local governments. It raised the artistic level of Nanjing paper-cutting.

　　二十世纪八、九十年代，南京剪纸为中外文化艺术交流、国家出口创汇、增进国际经济贸易等作出过重要贡献。

　　In the 1980s and 1990s, Nanjing paper-cutting made great contribution of Chinese cultural and artistic communications and national export earning, enhanced international economical trade.

　　_{1964年殷嘉才创作斗香花作品《龙凤旗》}

　　2009年9月，“中国剪纸（南京剪纸）”被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。

　　In September 2009, Chinese paper-cutting (Nanjing paper-cutting) was listed in Representative Works of Human Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.

　　二、传承现状

　　Inheritance Status

　　当代南京剪纸，以一代剪纸艺术大师张吉根（已故）为杰出代表。他们具有较为扎实的美术功底、一定的文化素养和独特高超的技巧，只用一把剪刀、一张白纸，剪纸时不用画稿，心中构图，短短几分钟就能剪下各种花鸟虫鱼、人物走兽的图案，形象逼真、生动有趣、十分传神，产生出其他艺术门类无法比拟的强烈效果。

　　Paper-cutting master Zhang Jigen (late) is the excellent representative of contemporary Nanjing paper-cutting. Masters have solid foundation in painting, a certain cultural self-cultivation and unique and superb skills. With only a pair of scissors and a blank sheet of paper, they can cut out various kind of flowers, birds, insects, fishes, figures and animals in only a few minutes without draft. The images are realistic, vivid, lively and interesting, create strong effect that other art categories cannot match.

_{1981年张吉根赴日本名古屋参加南京工艺美术展，剪品作品每张以一千日元出售。}

　　经过长期的传承、发展，创作出大量极具美学和民俗价值的作品，涌现了一批技艺精湛的传承人。如国家级非遗传承人张方林，省级非遗传承人殷嘉才、马连喜（已故），市级非遗传承人张林娣等。

　　Quantities of works with great aesthetic and folk value has been created after a long period of inheritance and development. A number of skilled inheritors emerges, such as Zhang Fanglin, national inheritor of intangible cultural heritage; Yin Jiacai and Ma Lianxi (late), provincial inheritor of intangible cultural heritage; Zhang Lindi, municipal inheritor of intangible cultural heritage and so on.

　_{剪纸传承人张林娣}

　　三、文化艺术价值

　　Cultural and Artistic Value

　　南京剪纸一方面与南京的民情、民风、民俗相结合，另一方面又以极强的主动性渗透到许多别的工艺中，成为日常应用的一门主要装饰与使用内容。它之所以有着旺盛的生命力并延续至今，主要是因为剪纸占有着最廉价因而最大众化的材料，拥有最简便易行的工艺程序和最基层的广大民众。它在浓浓的乡土气息中，透露出强烈的装饰艺术效果，形成了独有的南京地域风格。

　　On the one hand, Nanjing paper-cutting is combined with Nanjing’s folklore, folkways and customs. On the other hand, it penetrates into other processes with strong initiative, becoming a major content for decoration and usage. The reason why it has a strong vitality and continues to this day is that paper-cutting possesses the cheapest and most popular material, the easiest craft procedures and the grass-roots people. It reveals a strong decorative art effect in local thick flavor and forms an unique Nanjing regional style.

_{2002年春节泰国电视台为殷嘉才做专访}

　　南京剪纸的风格与我国其他地区的剪纸有很大区别，具有突出的个性特征和很高的美学价值。

　　The style of Nanjing paper-cutting has large difference from that of other regions in China. It has outstanding individual characters and high aesthetic value.

　_{1980年武志方赴加拿大蒙特利尔参加“人与世界”国际艺术博览会，加拿大前总理特鲁多与前文化官员及蒙特利尔前市长等一行人在观看武志方在中国馆表演剪纸艺术。}

　　当代的南京剪纸，用“创新题材，错位竞争”为思路，以南京特色文化为主题，创作出一幅幅彰显南京城市特色的作品，与这座拥有2500年建城史的古都交相辉映，再次焕发出新的风采。

　　With the thinking of “creative topics competing in different fields”, current Nanjing paper-cutting has the topic of Nanjing characteristic culture and creates works that reveal Nanjing’s character. The ancient capital’s beauty with history of 2500 years is enhanced and has a new look again.